이번에는 클래스 기반의 뷰에 대해서 알아보겠습니다.
클래스 기반 뷰를 사용하여 템플릿을 뷰에 URL로 연결하는 아이디어부터 시작하여,
클래스 기반 뷰의 이면에 있는 개념에 대한 기본적인 내용을 살펴보도록 하겠습니다.
(django) ~> django-admin startproject school
(django) ~> cd school
(django) ~\review_01> python manage.py startapp classroom
./school/classrom/templates/classroom/home.html 생성
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Home.html</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to home.html</h1>
</body>
</html>
./school/classrom/views.py 수정 - home_view(request) 정의
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
def home_view(request):
return render(request, 'classroom/home.html')
./school/classrom/urls.py 생성 - path 추가.
from django.urls import path
from . import views
app_name = 'classroom'
# domain.com/classroom
urlpatterns = [
path('', views.home_view, name='home'), # path expects a function!
]
./school/school/urls.py 수정 - path 추가
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('classroom/', include('classroom.urls')),
]
settings.py - ClassroomConfig 추가
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'classroom.apps.ClassroomConfig', <==== 추가
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]
school/models.py 수정 -
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Teacher(models.Model):
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
last_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
subject = models.CharField(max_length=30)
def __str__(self):
return f'{self.first_name} {self.last_name} teaches {self.subject}.'
makemigrations - python manage.py makemigrations
migrate - python manage.py migrate
runserver - python manage.py runserver
서버 실행
여기까지는 우리가 이전에 배웠던 기본적인 템플릿(함수기반 템플)입니다.
이제부터 TemplateView 에 대해서 알아보겠습니다.
school/classroom/views.py - TemplateView 임포트
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
# Create your views here.
# def home_view(request):
# return render(request, 'classroom/home.html')
class HomeView(TemplateView):
template_name = 'classroom/home.html'
class ThankYouView(TemplateView):
template_name = 'classroom/thank_you.html'
school/classroom/urls.py - .as_view() 함수 사용이 핵심
from django.urls import path
from . import views
app_name = 'classroom'
# domain.com/classroom
urlpatterns = [
# path('', views.home_view, name='home'), # path expects a function!
path('', views.HomeView.as_view(), name='home'), # 클래스를 가지고 경로에 대한 함수를 반환
path('thank_you/', views.ThankYouView.as_view(), name='thank_you'),
]
school/classroom/templates/classroom/home.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Home.html</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to home.html</h1>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="{% url 'classroom:thank_you' %}">THANK YOU PAGE LINK</a>
</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
school/classroom/templates/classroom/thank_you.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Thank you</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Thank you ~~~</h1>
</body>
</html>
결과 화면
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